Urbanization quality measurement and spatial-temporal evolution analysis in Qingdao

Qingdao is a developed coastal city with multiple strategic positions. In order to explore the path of high-quality urban development, a quality evaluation system including seven dimensions of population, economy, society, space, ecological environment, urban-rural coordination and resource utilization efficiency is constructed. The IFAHp-entropy weight method is adopted to measure the urbanization quality of Qingdao from 2005 to 2021. Then, the spatial distribution characteristics of urbanization quality were explored through ArcGIS software's natural discontinuity grading method, autocorrelation analysis and hot spot analysis. The results show that: in terms of time series, the urbanization quality of Qingdao takes on an upward trend; development of quality in all dimensions is imbalanced; In recent years, the degree of spatial agglomeration of urbanization quality in Qingdao has increased, roughly in a zonal distribution of "hot spot/sub-hot spot/transitional area/sub-cold spot/cold spot" from south to north. There has always existed a relatively obvious difference in the quality of urbanization between the south and the north, forming the phenomenon of differentiation between county-level cities and municipal districts.