A Traditional Intellectual in Modernization: the Number One ScholarLUO Cheng-xiang in Late Qing Dynasty

As the only number one scholar of the imperial examination of Sichuan in over two hundred years in Qing Dynasty, LUO Cheng-xiang, broke the zero record of Sichuan. His life was around three lines: learning, officialdom and running education. He made his achievements in 1898 Reform and New-policy Movement in late Qing Dynasty and Sichuan politics and education in the early years of Republic China. His experience showed his extraordinary life of a traditional intellectual in the Chinese modernization.